Ying Xiao

About Me

I am a third-year PhD student at King's College London, supervised by Prof. Jie M. Zhang, and a visiting student at the Southern University of Science and Technology, where I am supervised by Prof. Yepang Liu. Previously, I earned my MSc from the University of Birmingham with Prof. Edward Tarte and my BEng from Guangzhou University with Prof. Zhijia Zhao. I am committed to advancing trustworthy and reliable AI software and agents. My research interests primarily focus on AI agents, AI ethics, AI4Healthcare, SE4AI.

I am currently on the job market and seeking a postdoctoral position in research related to AI agents, AI alignment, SE4AI and AI4Healthcare.

Links

News

• Dec 17th, 2025 Our paper "Fairness Is Not Just Ethical: Performance Trade-Off via Data Correlation Tuning to Mitigate Bias in ML Software" (by Ying Xiao, Shangwen Wang, Sicen Liu, Dingyuan Xue, Xian Zhan, Yepang Liu, Jie Zhang) is accepted by ICSE 2026.
• Nov 22nd, 2025 Our paper "Mitigating Medical Bias in Large Language Models by Prompt Engineering: An Empirical Study of Effectiveness and Trade-offs" (Ying Xiao, Zhenpeng Chen, and Jie M. Zhang) is accepted by Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A.
• 15th April 2024 Our paper "MirrorFair: Fixing Fairness Bugs in Machine Learning Software via Counterfactual Predictions" (by Ying Xiao, Jie M. Zhang, Yepang Liu, Mohammad Reza Mousavi, Sicen Liu, Dingyuan Xue) has been accepted by FSE 2024.

Selected Publications

1. Fairness Is Not Just Ethical: Performance Trade-Off via Data Correlation Tuning to Mitigate Bias in ML Software Ying Xiao, Shangwen Wang, Sicen Liu, Dingyuan Xue, Xian Zhan, Yepang Liu, and Jie M. Zhang ICSE 2026 · Core A* · CCF-A
2. Mitigating Medical Bias in Large Language Models by Prompt Engineering: An Empirical Study of Effectiveness and Trade-offs Ying Xiao, Zhenpeng Chen, and Jie M. Zhang Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A · JCR Q1
3. Software Fairness Dilemma: Is Bias Mitigation a Zero-Sum Game? Zhenpeng Chen, Xinyue Li, Jie M. Zhang, Weisong Sun, Ying Xiao, Tianlin Li, Yiling Lou, and Yang Liu FSE · Core A* · CCF-A
4. MirrorFair: Fixing Fairness Bugs in Machine Learning Software via Counterfactual Predictions Ying Xiao, Jie M. Zhang, Yepang Liu, Mohammad Reza Mousavi, Sicen Liu, Dingyuan Xue FSE 2024 · Core A* · CCF-A
5. A Comprehensive Study of Real-World Bugs in Machine Learning Model Optimization Hao Guang, Ying Xiao, Jiaying Li, Yepang Liu, Guangdong Bai ICSE 2023 · Core A* · CCF-A

Preprints

• Bias in Large AI Models for Medicine and Healthcare: Survey and Challenges Ying Xiao, Zhenpeng Chen, Jen-tse Huang, Wenting Chen, Yepang Liu, Kezhi Li, Mohammad Reza Mousavi, Richard Dobson, and Jie M. Zhang Preprint
• AMQA: An Adversarial Dataset for Benchmarking Bias of LLMs in Medicine and Healthcare Ying Xiao, Jie Huang, Ruijuan He, Jing Xiao, Mohammad Reza Mousavi, Yepang Liu, Kezhi Li, Zhenpeng Chen, Jie M. Zhang Preprint
• FITNESS: A Causal De-correlation Approach for Mitigating Bias in Machine Learning Software Ying Xiao, Shangwen Wang, Sicen Liu, Dingyuan Xue, Xian Zhan, and Yepang Liu Preprint

Invited Talk

• 2026 Mitigating machine learning software bias via correlation tuning, London, United Kingdom.
• 2024 Mitigating machine learning software bias via ensembling counterfactual predictions, Porto de Galinhas, Brazil.