gilead-pharma

by hanxueyuan

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SKILL.md About

---
title: Gilead Sciences
summary: "Biopharmaceutical pioneer that revolutionized HIV treatment with antiretroviral therapy and later dominated hepatitis C with curative drugs."
read_when:
  - Researching HIV/AIDS drug development history
  - Analyzing hepatitis C treatment revolution
  - Studying biotech M&A and pipeline acquisition
  - Examining drug pricing and access debates
---

# Gilead Sciences

Biopharmaceutical pioneer that revolutionized HIV treatment with antiretroviral therapy and later dominated hepatitis C with curative drugs.

## 历史时间线

- 1987: Michael L. Riordan founds Gilead Sciences in Foster City, California
- 1992: IPO on NASDAQ
- 2003: FDA approves Viread — key HIV antiretroviral
- 2006: Completa: Atripla (single-pill HIV combo) — market-leading
- 2013: Acquires Pharmasset for $11B; gains sofosbuvir (Sovaldi) — hepatitis C cure
- 2015: Harvoni (HCV combo) generates $10B+ in first year
- 2020: Remdesivir becomes first FDA-approved COVID-19 treatment; $30B+ revenue

## 商业模式

R&D-focused biopharma with specialty in antivirals. Revenue from HIV franchise (Biktarvy = #1 selling HIV drug globally), hepatitis C treatments, oncology (Yescarta CAR-T), and remdesivir. High-margin specialty drugs with patent protection. Growing oncology and cell therapy pipeline via acquisitions.

## 护城河分析

Dominant HIV franchise with Biktardy (single-tablet regimen, best-in-class tolerability); first-mover in hepatitis C cure; remdesivir established position in infectious disease; strong R&D pipeline in cell/gene therapy; patent cliff management via lifecycle extensions.

## 关键数据

- revenue: $27B+ (2023)
- key_drug: Biktarvy (#1 HIV drug globally)
- employees: ~17,000
- market_cap: ~$110B
- therapeutic_areas: HIV, HCV, oncology, inflammation

## 有趣事实

Sovaldi (sofosbuvir) was the first drug to cure hepatitis C with a 12-week pill regimen — a disease that previously required a year of injections with terrible side effects. The drug was priced at $84,000 per course, sparking a massive pricing debate. It generated $10B+ in its first year but cured millions.

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